Abstract

BackgroundPrevious studies have reported conflicting results as to whether an association exists between sedentary time and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk among African Americans. These studies, however, were limited by lack of consideration of sedentary behavior in leisure versus non-leisure settings. To elucidate this relation, we investigated the associations of television (TV) viewing time and occupational sitting with carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT), a subclinical atherosclerosis measure, in a community-based sample of African Americans.MethodsWe studied 3410 participants from the Jackson Heart Study, a single-site, community-based study of African Americans residing in Jackson, MS. CIMT was assessed by ultrasonography and represented mean far-wall thickness across right and left sides of the common carotid artery. TV viewing time, a measure of leisure sedentary behavior, and occupational sitting, a measure of non-leisure sedentary behavior, were assessed by questionnaire.ResultsIn a multivariable regression model that included physical activity and CVD risk factors, longer TV viewing time (2–4 h/day and >4 h/day) was associated with greater CIMT (adjusted mean ± SE difference from referent [<2 h/day] of 0.009 ± 0.008 mm for 2–4 h/day, and 0.028 ± 0.009 mm for >4 h/day; P-trend =0.001). In contrast, more frequent occupational sitting (‘sometimes’ and ‘often/always’) was associated with lower CIMT (adjusted mean ± SE difference from referent [‘never/seldom’]:−0.021 ± 0.009 mm for ‘sometimes’, and−0.018 ± 0.008 mm for ‘often/always’; P-trend = 0.042).ConclusionsLonger TV viewing time was associated with greater CIMT, while occupational sitting was associated with lower CIMT. These findings suggest the role of sedentary behaviors in the pathogenesis of CVD among African Americans may vary by whether individuals engage in leisure versus non-leisure sedentary behaviors.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12966-016-0349-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Highlights

  • Previous studies have reported conflicting results as to whether an association exists between sedentary time and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk among African Americans

  • The purpose of this study was to examine the associations of TV viewing and occupational sitting with carotid artery intima-media thickness (CIMT), a measure of subclinical atherosclerosis, in a large community-based sample of African Americans enrolled in the Jackson Heart Study (JHS)

  • More frequent occupational sitting, a non-leisure time sedentary behavior, was associated with lower carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT). These results suggest the association between sedentary behaviors and subclinical atherosclerosis in African Americans varies by leisure- and nonleisure types of sedentary behavior

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Summary

Introduction

Previous studies have reported conflicting results as to whether an association exists between sedentary time and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk among African Americans. These studies, were limited by lack of consideration of sedentary behavior in leisure versus non-leisure settings. These previous studies were limited by relatively small sample sizes of African American participants and/ or lack of consideration of sedentary behavior in leisure versus non-leisure settings. Assessing overall sedentary behavior as a summary measure across leisure and non-leisure domains could obscure associations

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