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Abstract
The aim of this pilot study was to analyze the off-training physical activity (PA) profile in national elite German U23 rowers during 31 days of their preparation period. The hours spent in each PA category (i.e., sedentary: <1.5 metabolic equivalents (MET); light physical activity: 1.5–3 MET; moderate physical activity: 3–6 MET and vigorous intense physical activity: >6 MET) were calculated for every valid day (i.e., >480 min of wear time). The off-training PA during 21 weekdays and 10 weekend days of the final 11-week preparation period was assessed by the wrist-worn multisensory device Microsoft Band II (MSBII). A total of 11 rowers provided valid data (i.e., >480 min/day) for 11.6 week days and 4.8 weekend days during the 31 days observation period. The average sedentary time was 11.63 ± 1.25 h per day during the week and 12.49 ± 1.10 h per day on the weekend, with a tendency to be higher on the weekend compared to weekdays (p = 0.06; d = 0.73). The average time in light, moderate and vigorous PA during the weekdays was 1.27 ± 1.15, 0.76 ± 0.37, 0.51 ± 0.44 h per day, and 0.67 ± 0.43, 0.59 ± 0.37, 0.53 ± 0.32 h per weekend day. Light physical activity was higher during weekdays compared to the weekend (p = 0.04; d = 0.69). Based on our pilot study of 11 national elite rowers we conclude that rowers display a considerable sedentary off-training behavior of more than 11.5 h/day.
Highlights
Elite rowers invest a considerable amount of time for their training averaging >1,000 h per year (Fiskerstrand and Seiler, 2004) i.e., approximately 17% of h per year of waking time
The average sedentary time was 11.63 ± 1.25 h per day during the week and 12.49 ± 1.10 h per day on the weekend, with moderate effect sizes indicating sedentary time to be higher on the weekend (p = 0.06; d = 0.73)
Light activity was higher during weekdays compared to weekend (p = 0.04; d = 0.69)
Summary
Elite rowers invest a considerable amount of time for their training averaging >1,000 h per year (Fiskerstrand and Seiler, 2004) i.e., approximately 17% of h per year of waking time. Past investigations focused on analyzing and optimizing the quality of training (Fiskerstrand and Seiler, 2004; Stoggl and Sperlich, 2015), very little is known about the intensity and volume of physical activity (PA) performed by elite athletes during their off-training time which, as mentioned above, accounts for more than 80% of waking time This is astonishing as we know that the rate of adaptation ( not exclusively) is an integral of the training stimulus. To the best of our knowledge only one study so far investigated the PA of elite athletes outside their sportactivity (Weiler et al, 2015) concluding that the elite soccer players were surprisingly sedentary during off-training, especially when compared to non-athletic groups In this context, recent studies showed increased prevalence of overweight and obese athletes indicating increased sedentary behavior (Nikolaidis, 2012, 2013). Evidence exists that elevated levels of sedentary behavior in the non-athletic population are associated with various adverse health outcomes, such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and all-cause mortality (Chau et al, 2013; de Rezende et al, 2014)
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