Abstract
This article presents an advanced dual chaotic watermarking scheme to improve information security. To ensure confidentiality in digital image transmission, a secure dual watermarking scheme is proposed by applying the chaotic logistic system and hyper-chaotic dynamical system. Chaotic watermarking was conducted in the spatial domain, where suboptimal secure hashing with a variable length was selected in preprocessing stages. The secret key was generated by the chaotic sequence for pixel shuffling using a chaotic logistic map, so that a controlled amount of distortion was inserted into the host digital image. Watermarking was proceeded after the chaotic watermark had been embedded into the shuffled image. To strengthen the security, the hyper-chaotic system was used to generate chaotic blocks for block scrambling in order to achieve dual chaotic watermarking. Characteristics analysis was conducted for multiple examples in both spatial and frequency domains. Potential effects induced by the chaotic driving parameter on processing time and integrity authentication of chaotic dual watermarking were also analyzed in detail.
Highlights
With rapid development of digital communication and computer networks, it becomes feasible to guarantee transmission security against malicious tampering or copyright infringement
The Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) function produced a set of complex coefficients covering real and imaginary parts at each frequency, with translational invariance of the magnitude, where the Discrete Sine Transform (DST) function focuses on its imaginary coefficients and the Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) function focuses on its real coefficients
The chaotic logistic system was applied for generating chaotic sequences as secret keys, so that pixel shuffling and chaotic watermarking in the spatial domain can be made to embed watermarks
Summary
With rapid development of digital communication and computer networks, it becomes feasible to guarantee transmission security against malicious tampering or copyright infringement. The statistical analysis and key sensitivity tests demonstrated that the encryption scheme provided an efficient and secure way for real-time image processing [1,2,3]. Applications of both deterministic and chaotic digital image cryptosystems in the spatial domain and frequency domain have been introduced. Dual chaotic watermarking in the spatial domain has been proposed in the context in order to protect intellectual property, where the chaotic logistic map generated watermarking and the subsequent dual chaotic watermarked images possess sensitivity variations of high probability, which has extensive applicability for authentication systems by inserting a controlled amount of distortion to the host images. Two additional security tests based on the discrete entropy and relative entropy will be implemented in the frequency domain
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