Abstract
The Internet of Things (IoT) is rapidly becoming an integral component of the industrial market in areas such as automation and analytics, giving rise to what is termed as the Industrial IoT (IIoT). The IIoT promises innovative business models in various industrial domains by providing ubiquitous connectivity, efficient data analytics tools, and better decision support systems for a better market competitiveness. However, IIoT deployments are vulnerable to a variety of security threats at various levels of the connectivity and communications infrastructure. The complex nature of the IIoT infrastructure means that availability, confidentiality and integrity are difficult to guarantee, leading to a potential distrust in the network operations and concerns of loss of critical infrastructure, compromised safety of network end-users and privacy breaches on sensitive information. This work attempts to look at the requirements currently specified for a secure IIoT ecosystem in industry standards, such as Industrial Internet Consortium (IIC) and OpenFog Consortium, and to what extent current IIoT connectivity protocols and platforms hold up to the standards with regard to security and privacy. The paper also discusses possible future research directions to enhance the security, privacy and safety of the IIoT.
Highlights
The adoption of the Internet of Things (IoT) technologies in industrial domains – termed as the Industrial IoT (IIoT) [1] – is enabling businesses to gain a competitive edge by enabling smart manufacturing, better decision making and data analytics [2]
We provide a taxonomic overview of the IIoT infrastructure; present standards for security requirements; and analyze relevant security protocols at various layers with regards to the said standards
The IIoT is rapidly becoming an integral component in various industrial processes such as factories and safety-critical control applications
Summary
The adoption of the Internet of Things (IoT) technologies in industrial domains – termed as the Industrial IoT (IIoT) [1] – is enabling businesses to gain a competitive edge by enabling smart manufacturing, better decision making and data analytics [2]. Whereas authenticating an illegitimate device to a consumer IoT network may cause some damage such as invasion of privacy or data theft, a similar attack on a typical IIoT could cause a huge disaster, such as disrupting the network, or forcing the network to take a hazardous action. A variety of industry standards and frameworks for device production, communication protocols, and security services and solutions have been proposed which detail mechanisms on how to best integrate the IIoT into industrial processes with strict safety guidelines. This work attempts to present an overview of the status of security and privacy within IIoT communications architectures with regards to industry framework requirements and current connectivity technologies. The work focuses on the current state of IIoT security from an industry perspective, and is not intended to be an overview of academic research in this area, or cover all possible security solutions for IIoT
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