Abstract
Multi-carrier energy systems (MCESs) provide collaboration between various kinds of energy carriers to supply the electricity, heating, and cooling demands. With the widespread use of MCESs in recent years, the security assessment of energy systems has attracted the attention of many contemporary researchers. However, the complexity of an MCES, including electrical, natural gas, and district heating networks, and different uncertainties imposes vast challenges to keep a safe operation energy supply. In this paper, a systematic methodology for the security analysis of MCESs is presented. For this purpose, considering electrical, natural gas, and district heating networks, an integrated model of energy systems is introduced. The security analysis of this framework is evaluated using some indices. In this approach, two well-known performance indices, including power performance index (PIP) and voltage performance index (PIV), are used to analyze the electrical networks’ security. Besides, the concept of Energy not supplied (ENS) is used for natural gas and district heating networks. In this regard, security analysis of a typical MCES including the IEEE 14-bus electrical network, the IEEE 30-bus electrical network, 20-node Belgian natural gas network, and 14-node district heating network is examined. The applicability of the proposed technique will be proven using comprehensive simulation analysis.
Highlights
Sustainability 2021, 13, 3102. https://This clearly implies that electricity is regarded as a particular important part across all types of energy such as heat, cold, and gas in the next-generation energy sectors
This paper aims to offer a comprehensive model for security analysis of Multi-carrier energy systems (MCESs) [27,28,29]
The experiments are performed in an IEEE-14 bus electrical network, which has been frequently studied in the literature [42]
Summary
This clearly implies that electricity is regarded as a particular important part across all types of energy such as heat, cold, and gas in the next-generation energy sectors. The main reasons for this fact, it can be noted (i) the significant developments in the renewable-based power generation systems (ii) increasing attention to the utilization of high-efficiency power generation systems such as heat pumps in other energy areas like heating and cooling networks [1]. The combined heat and power (CHP), as one of the most common distributed energy technologies, can generate heat and power, and efficiency of system can be increased up to 90%. The need to adopt various types of energy carriers and human needs to provide their energy requirements has become an important reason for the emergence of these systems [8,9]
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