Abstract
In this article, downlink secure transmission in simultaneous information and power transfer (SWIPT) system enabled with massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) is studied. A base station (BS) with a large number of antennas transmits energy and information signals to its intended users, but these signals are also received by an active eavesdropper. The users and eavesdropper employ a power splitting technique to simultaneously decode information and harvest energy. Massive MIMO helps the BS to focus energy to the users and prevent information leakage to the eavesdropper. The harvested energy by each user is employed for decoding information and transmitting uplink pilot signals for channel estimation. It is assumed that the active eavesdropper also harvests energy in the downlink and then contributes during the uplink training phase. Achievable secrecy rate is considered as the performance criterion and a closed-form lower bound for it is derived. To provide secure transmission, the achievable secrecy rate is then maximized through an optimization problem with constraints on the minimum harvested energy by the user and the maximum harvested energy by the eavesdropper. Numerical results show the effectiveness of using massive MIMO in providing physical layer security in SWIPT systems and also show that our closed-form expressions for the secrecy rate are accurate.
Highlights
Employing energy harvesting techniques has been regarded as a promising approach to prolong the lifetime of wireless low power networks
A so called pilot contamination attack in the training phase can help an active eavesdropper to wiretap the signals in massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems [35], [36] In simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) systems, massive MIMO can combat eavesdropping in addition to improve energy and information transfer efficiency
It is observed that the amount of harvested energy increases linearly with the number of antennas and decreases with the user power splitting ratio
Summary
Employing energy harvesting techniques has been regarded as a promising approach to prolong the lifetime of wireless low power networks. A so called pilot contamination attack in the training phase can help an active eavesdropper to wiretap the signals in massive MIMO systems [35], [36] In SWIPT systems, massive MIMO can combat eavesdropping in addition to improve energy and information transfer efficiency Despite these advantages, research on this topic has received scant attention and more research is necessary. The eavesdropper contaminates the uplink training phase and sends a pilot signal to the BS simultaneously with the users In this network, both users and the active eavesdropper employ the hybrid receivers and decode information and harvest energy by using a power splitting method.
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