Abstract
In Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS) clouds, intrusion detection systems (IDSes) increase their importance. To securely detect attacks against virtual machines (VMs), IDS offloading with VM introspection (VMI) has been proposed. In semi-trusted clouds, however, it is difficult to securely offload IDSes because there may exist insiders such as malicious system administrators. First, secure VM execution cannot coexist with IDS offloading although it has to be enabled to prevent information leakage to insiders. Second, offloaded IDSes can be easily disabled by insiders. To solve these problems, this paper proposes IDS remote offloading with remote VMI. Since IDSes can run at trusted remote hosts outside semi-trusted clouds, they cannot be disabled by insiders in clouds. Remote VMI enables IDSes at remote hosts to introspect VMs via the trusted hypervisor inside semi-trusted clouds. Secure VM execution can be bypassed by performing VMI in the hypervisor. Remote VMI preserves the integrity and confidentiality of introspected data between the hypervisor and remote hosts. The integrity of the hypervisor can be guaranteed by various existing techniques. We have developed RemoteTrans for remotely offloading legacy IDSes and confirmed that RemoteTrans could achieve surprisingly efficient execution of legacy IDSes at remote hosts.
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