Abstract
Indoor localization based on WiFi has attracted a lot of research effort because of the widespread application of WiFi. Fingerprinting techniques have received much attention due to their simplicity and compatibility with existing hardware. However, existing fingerprinting localization algorithms may not resist abnormal received signal strength indication (RSSI), such as unexpected environmental changes, impaired access points (APs) or the introduction of new APs. Traditional fingerprinting algorithms do not consider the problem of new APs and impaired APs in the environment when using RSSI. In this paper, we propose a secure fingerprinting localization (SFL) method that is robust to variable environments, impaired APs and the introduction of new APs. In the offline phase, a voting mechanism and a fingerprint database update method are proposed. We use the mutual cooperation between reference anchor nodes to update the fingerprint database, which can reduce the interference caused by the user measurement data. We analyze the standard deviation of RSSI, mobilize the reference points in the database to vote on APs and then calculate the trust factors of APs based on the voting results. In the online phase, we first make a judgment about the new APs and the broken APs, then extract the secure fingerprints according to the trusted factors of APs and obtain the localization results by using the trusted fingerprints. In the experiment section, we demonstrate the proposed method and find that the proposed strategy can resist abnormal RSSI and can improve the localization accuracy effectively compared with the existing fingerprinting localization algorithms.
Highlights
In recent years, with the development of wireless technology, the demand for location-based services (LBS) is increasing [1]
We demonstrate the proposed method and find that the proposed strategy can resist abnormal received signal strength indication (RSSI) and can improve the localization accuracy effectively compared with the existing fingerprinting localization algorithms
By comparing the RSSI value received on the online phase with the offline phase, we can filter out the broken access points (APs) and the new APs
Summary
With the development of wireless technology, the demand for location-based services (LBS) is increasing [1]. Among many RSSI-based indoor positioning technologies, the more popular positioning technology is based on WiFi wireless signals since the IEEE802.11 APs were deployed as wireless local area networks (WLANs). Some researchers have proposed hybrid indoor positioning methods such as using 2D markers to supplement WiFi intensity or using different wireless technologies such as cellular GSM, DVB, FMand WLAN to locate users. Some researchers have tried to build indoor positioning systems such as RFID and ZigBee in combination with other low-power technologies. WiFi fingerprinting [19] is based on the RSSI associated with each wireless access point (APs) and is compared to a fingerprint database [20]. We examined various aspects of WiFi fingerprinting, including impaired APs and changes of the localization environment.
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