Abstract
A novel re-watermarking system is proposed for authenticating electronic passport by using Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) applied in dual domain. The scheme splits the cover passport image into twin segments (S). Likewise the passport particulars are fragmented into two parts (P). P1 statistics are attached with the image data in S1 to create a multipart message. The message formed is digitally signed using Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm (ECDSA). The generated signature is inserted spatially by exploiting the Human Visual System (HVS) characteristics of S1. Implanting signature safeguards passport authentication and shields image veracity. P2 facts are encoded by means of Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) with key generated over Elliptic Curve Diffie Hellman Protocol (ECDHP). The encoded data is inserted using double Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT). Applying double DCT allows for an extended watermarking implanting capacity. Experimental outcomes ascertain high imperceptibility and true authenticity of passport against any alteration applied to the watermarked image. Smearing re-watermarking order marks for execution of divergent secure algorithms for a successive implanting system.
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