Secure Delivery Scheme of Common Data Model for Decentralized Cloud Platforms

Jae Hyuk Cho,Yunhee Kang,Young B Park

doi:10.3390/app10207134

Jae Hyuk Cho, Yunhee Kang + Show 1 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/app10207134

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Abstract

The Common Data Model (CDM) is being used to deal with problems caused by the various electronic medical record structures in the distributed hospital information system. The concept of CDM is emerging as a collaborative method of exchanging data from each hospital in the same format and conducting various clinical studies based on shared data. The baseline of a CDM system is centralized with an infrastructure typically controlled by a single entity with full authority. The characteristics of this centralized system can pose serious security issues. Therefore, the proposed SC-CDM system is designed as a platform for distributed ledger and provides data with a high level of confidentiality, security, and scalability. This framework provides a reference model that supports multiple channels, using secure CDM as an encryption method. The data confidentiality of CDM is guaranteed by asymmetric and symmetric protocols. Delivering CDM is protected by a symmetric key signed by the CDM creator and maintains lightweight distributed ledger transactions on Inter Planetary File System (IPFS), which acts as a file share. To deliver an encrypted CDM on the SC-CDM platform, the CDM is encrypted with a block cipher by a random symmetric key and Initialization Vector (IV). The symmetric key protocol is used for the fast encryption of large-capacity data. The SC-CDM is implemented the repository with IPFS for storing the encrypted CDM, in which symmetric key, two hash values, and IV are shared through blockchain. Data confidentiality of SC-CDM is guaranteed by only registered users accessing the data. In conclusion, the SC-CDM is the first approach to demultiplexing with the data confidentiality proof based on asymmetric key cryptography. We analyze and verify the security of SC-CDM by comparing qualitative factors and performance with existing CDM. Moreover, we adopt a byte-level processing method with encryption to ensure efficiency while handling a large CDM.

Highlights

In recent years, medical services have shifted from treatment to prevention and management of diseases
Delivering Common Data Model (CDM) is protected by a symmetric key signed by the CDM creator and maintains lightweight distributed ledger transactions on Inter Planetary File System (IPFS), which acts as a file share
The Secure-Cloud CDM (SC-CDM) is implemented the repository with IPFS for storing the encrypted CDM, in which symmetric key, two hash values, and Initialization Vector (IV) are shared through blockchain

Summary

Introduction

Medical services have shifted from treatment to prevention and management of diseases. The importance of using medical information is on the rise for efficient patient health management [1]. A Hospital Information System (HIS) manages Electronic Medical Record (EMR) that is a digital version of a patient chart containing patient’s medical history. Sci. 2020, 10, 7134 structure of EMR in HIS; each hospital can only conduct research based on the patient data of its own HIS form. It is very difficult to draw the ultimate conclusion because the patient groups in each hospital tend to show different characteristics. Data sharing is the fundamental step to gain maximum benefit from research innovations. Clinical studies based on patient data from numerous hospitals can provide more meaningful results. To handle the problem caused by diverse structure of those HIS, needs of integrated Common Data Model (CDM) have been recognized [2]

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