Abstract
In line with the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), we estimate the percentage carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2-eq) emissions by sector in Nigeria. In terms of its emissions, the percentage contribution of carbon dioxide, CH4 and N2O to each sector were considered using the 2006 IPCC emission calculation default taking 2012 as the base year projected to 2027. Results revealed that, fugitive emissions from oil and gas accounted for the highest contribution to CO2-eq emissions with about 75.27% when compared to other sectors. This is due to increased gas flaring employed to dispose of associated gas in major petroleum/oil producing areas in the country. This sector pollutes because of their technology, the remaining sectors were identified as important sectors because of the weight they have on the economy. The study suggests the need for Nigerian government to ensure the security of fuel source for power generation by mandating oil companies to channel their flared gases to power plant.
Highlights
The increase in population couple with higher living standards which invariably triples the demand for sectors which uses more energy like electricity, transport, petroleum etc., are responsible for the persistent increase in the emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs) in Nigeria (Federal Republic of Nigeria, 2014)
The Kyoto protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) founded in Japan geared towards the stabilization of GHG concentrations in the atmosphere was revalidated with actions in 2005, with 192 parties to this protocol who ratified it as of June 2013 (Sulaiman et al, 2014)
Nigeria has been registered as a member country of the United Nations Collaborative Programme on Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (UN-REDD), Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) projects, Clean Technology Fund (CTF) of which the World Bank is the trustee (Henrich, 2012b) and the Global Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Fund (GEEREF) of the European Union (Gereef, 2012), United States Trade and Development Agency (USTDA), Nigerian Electricity Regulatory Commission (NERC)
Summary
The increase in population couple with higher living standards which invariably triples the demand for sectors which uses more energy like electricity, transport, petroleum etc., are responsible for the persistent increase in the emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs) in Nigeria (Federal Republic of Nigeria, 2014).As part of measures towards mitigating these global carbon emissions, the federal government was among the other countries who ratified the Paris agreement geared towards ensuring a rapid and climate smart development. Nigeria has been registered as a member country of the United Nations Collaborative Programme on Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (UN-REDD), Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) projects, Clean Technology Fund (CTF) of which the World Bank is the trustee (Henrich, 2012b) and the Global Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Fund (GEEREF) of the European Union (Gereef, 2012), United States Trade and Development Agency (USTDA), Nigerian Electricity Regulatory Commission (NERC) These amongst other projects were geared towards cutting emissions, in the Niger Delta (Ogoniland), and tackle the problem of drought and desertification in the northern areas. GHG emission is still high due to inadequate commitment towards sectoral contributions and their projections
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