Abstract
Sector coupling is one of the emerging topics in recent energy and climate change policy discussions. It can play a significant role in creating the pathway of a renewable-based energy system in the European energy sector. The North Sea region is very likely to play a key role in the transition to a sustainable energy system. Although different energy modelling approaches allow a versatile use, they lead to the problem of an unclear understanding of specific aspects of sector coupling, and the relevance of existing tools and techniques to model and analyze such a system. This paper is aimed at providing a comprehensive understanding of sector coupling and its incorporation in energy system models. Following a thorough literature review on sector coupling and energy system modelling, the paper outlines an approach to select an appropriate tool based on the specific rationales of the research. The paper also presents the open energy modelling framework, ‘Oemof’, as an open model tool to address the complex challenges of energy systems. The conclusions from the literature review provide a detailed understanding of the concept of sector coupling and indicate that it can be advantageous from the viewpoints of decarbonization, flexibility, network optimization, and system efficiency. To solve the coupling barriers, diversified techno-socio-economic circumstances should be taken into account through the use of model collaboration. It is also demonstrated how a list of appropriate tools for model collaboration can be picked up methodologically from an available wide range of models. Finally, ‘Oemof’ is hypothesized as a progressive tool to design a sector-coupled and renewable-based energy system in the North Sea region.
Highlights
The advancement of the European Union (EU) energy system from fossil fuels to renewable energy sources (RES) is frequently stated as the “Energy Transition”
Different perspective literature on sector-coupled European energy systems is presented by Zervos et al in [24], which sketches out a way forward for 2030 and 2050 especially focusing on the policy recommendations to overcome the non-technical obstacles of sector coupling in power, heating, cooling, and transportation sectors
[98], and to recent open model tools listedthe bytotal the Open Energy Modelling (Openmod). It istofound that are open for energy modelling and at least free for academic use. The tools and their geographical according to the ‘Openmod Philosophy’, the total number of tools narrows down to 59, which are resolutions can be modelling found in Appendix
Summary
The advancement of the European Union (EU) energy system from fossil fuels to renewable energy sources (RES) is frequently stated as the “Energy Transition” Such an energy transition is essential to combat climate change, in line with the Paris agreement [1]. The Paris agreement initiated an international framework to keep the increase in global average temperature to well below 2 ◦ C [2] This can only be achieved if there is a global energy transition in terms of how energy is supplied, transformed and used. In terms of resource consumption and carbon emissions, the NS region has a massive impact in Europe because of its enormous size, oil and gas production, and industrial development.
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