Abstract
Friction is a common phenomenon that arises whenever solid bodies are presented together and certain parts of their surfaces come into contact. The contact enables solids to transmit forces reciprocally across their contact surface (also referred to as the interface). The resultant contact force acting on a solid may be resolved into two components in the directions of the normal and the tangent to the interface. The two components are the normal reaction force and the force of friction. Both the normal reaction and the friction forces depend on the applied force, or the load that is pressing the solids into contact. The essential characteristic of friction is that it is a force that resists relative motion of material points within the contact interface even though there is no “obvious” impediment to sliding. Friction is generally characterized by a coefficient defined as the ratio of the tangential and the normal components of the contact force. The coefficient of friction (μ) depends on the normal load, the relative motion, the material properties of solids, and even more critically on surface and interface conditions. The chapter discusses various types of frictions.
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More From: Handbook of Materials Behavior Models, Three-Volume Set
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