Abstract
Improvements in technology, especially automation, robotics, and artificial intelligence have dramatically changed what people do in the workplace and how they do it. Technology advancements over the past 3 decades have reshaped demands in schooling and the workplace bringing on new challenges and opportunities. Employers need employees who are critical thinkers, communicators, collaborators, and creators to remain competitive and innovative. Educators recognize these abilities that learners must have to take advantage of the opportunities and face the challenges that are presented to them in the 21st century. As was the case 30 years ago, the same consistency is needed today among the four elements of instructional design: objectives, methods, content, and evaluation. There must also be integration of the instructional system with authentic, real-world performance. If these two critical aspects are not met the chances of obtaining the desired effectiveness of learning is not likely to be met. The Internet and cloud computing allow more rapid development of instruction for more efficient and affective learning. The pace of change also requires a greater emphasis on the iterative nature of evaluating the instructional design system.
Highlights
The pace of change requires a greater emphasis on the iterative nature of evaluating the instructional design system
Over thirty years ago, Stephen Yelon and I wrote an article describing the secret of instructional design (Yelon & Berge, 1988)
The purpose of this article is to reflect on the changes in technology and expand this still-useful instructional system model to the knowledge, skills and abilities needed in the 21st century
Summary
Stephen Yelon and I wrote an article describing the secret of instructional design (Yelon & Berge, 1988). Since this framework has helped many instructional designers, students, teachers, curriculum developers, and learning and development specialists. The purpose of this article is to reflect on the changes in technology and expand this still-useful instructional system model to the knowledge, skills and abilities needed in the 21st century.
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