Abstract
We develop an approach of key distribution protocol(KDP) proposed recently by T.Aono et al., where the security of KDP is only partly estimated in terms of eavesdropper's key bit errors. Instead we calculate the Shannon's information leaking to a wire tapper and also we apply the privacy amplification procedure from the side of the legal users. A more general mathematical model based on the use of Variable-Directional Antenna (VDA) under the condition of multipath wave propagation is proposed. The new method can effectively be used even in noiseless interception channels providing thus a widened area with respect to practical applications. Statistical characteristics of the VDA are investigated by simulation, allowing to specify the model parameters. We prove that the proposed KDP provides both security and reliability of the shared keys even for very short distances between legal users and eavesdroppers. Antenna diversity is proposed as a mean to enhance the KDP security. In order to provide a better performance evaluation of the KDP, it is investigated the use of error correcting codes.
Highlights
The problem of key distribution is still in focus of research activity especially for wireless LAN systems
We considered a method of key sharing based on the concept of a Variable-Directional Antenna (VDA) under the condition of multipath channel and we showed that sufficient security and reliability of the shared keys can be provided even when the eavesdropper's channel is noiseless. (It is worth to remark that in order to get such result, the following two conditions are necessary: to create truly randomness with the help of a VDA and to have multipath channels.) The results of investigations show that the security of the key distribution protocols (KDP) does not depend only on the distance between legal users and eavesdropper and on the eavesdropper's location
We propose to use the difference-phase functional instead of either quadrature components or envelope in order to form key bits
Summary
The problem of key distribution is still in focus of research activity especially for wireless LAN systems. In order to overcome these defects, a more sophisticated method, using smart antenna excited randomly by electronic means [12], has been proposed ( their results were obtained experimentally without an estimation of information-theoretic security of the shared keys). This direction has been developed in many papers, [13], [14], [15], [16] are among the most important.
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