Secondary Tillage and Traffic Compaction Modifications of the Growth and Production of Dry Edible Beans and Soybeans

Abstract

Tillage related soil compaction can reduce crop growth and productivity. Although secondary tillage is applied to soils to improve the contact between seeds and soil, little is known regarding the adverse effects of excessive secondary tillage and wheel traffic on plant growth and productivity. This study addressed the influences of three levels of secondary tillage on soil porosity and the establishment, growth, and yield of dry edible beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and soybeans (Glycine max L.) on clay (fine, illitic, calcareous, mesic, Aeric Haplaquept) and loam (fine-loamy, mixed, nonacid, mesic, Mollic Haplaquept) soils. Soil porosities were significantly affected by the secondary tillage and traffic treatments to a depth of 15 cm (6 in.) for both soil types. Dry edible bean plants were more susceptible to the tillage and traffic compaction than soybeans. Emergence, plant dry weight, final plant population, and yield of dry beans were reduced by the excessive secondary tillage treatments.