Abstract
Inter-industrial utilisation of solid residues for soil amendment was investigated by combining secondary steel mill slags with residuals from a pulp and paper mill. Sample analysis included mineralogical characterisation by X-ray diffraction, relevant physicochemical properties and trace element availability by the original three-stage sequential BCR extraction procedure (CH3COOH, NH2OH·HCl and H2O2 + CH3COONH4) and residual fraction determination by acid digestion (USEPA 3051A). Respectively, the pseudo-total concentrations of trace elements were determined according to USEPA method 3051A. Consequently, the alkalinity of the samples (pH values 12.1–12.2) suggests significant buffering and acid neutralisation capacity with liming effect values (34.9%–35.6%, Ca-equivalents, d.w.) comparable to commercial ground limestone. This was supported by XRD, which only revealed the existence of portlandite [Ca(OH)2] an calcite [CaCO3]. Additionally, the pseudo-total concentrations of trace elements were lower than the respective limit values for EU soil improvers (2006/799/EC). However, Ba and V recovery during sequential extraction (Ba: 40.1–56.0 mg·kg–1, d.w., by CH3COOH; and V: 72.2–96.5 mg·kg–1, d.w., by NH2OH·HCl) indicates potential phytoavailability.
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