Abstract
The article analyzes the possibility of expanding the raw material base of the production process of commercial high-octane automobile gasoline of the A-92 and A-95 brands due to the involvement of secondary polymer raw materials. The types of raw materials that will make it possible to obtain basic fractions or components of commercial gasolines that will be used in the production of commercial automobile gasolines that, according to their chemical composi- tion and properties, will meet the requirements of environmental safety standards adopted in Ukraine and the countries of the European Union have been determined. It was established that the main raw material capable of replacing oil and gas condensate is secondary polyolefin raw material, represented by polyethylene (HDPE and LDPE) and polypropylene (PP), and the main process of its processing is thermal or thermocatalytic pyrolysis. Priority is given to raw materials that are directly generated in production in the form of waste and raw materials that come from sorting points. At the same time, secondary polymer raw materials, regardless of their source of origin, must undergo a stage of preliminary preparation, which includes sorting, crushing, washing and drying of raw materials. Practical studies have shown that this process is implemented on reactor-type installations at temperatures of 320–450 °C and pressures of 0.1–3.5 MPa and allows obtaining a significant yield (35–70 %) of the liquid product of pyrolysis – a gasoline fraction with a boiling point of 30–200 °C. Along with liquid products, more than 15 % of gases (ethylene, propylene and butylene) are formed, which should be processed into polymer gasoline (base fraction) and high-octane components – alkylates. As a result of the research, a scheme for the production of commercial high-octane automobile gasoline from secondary polymer raw materials (HDPE, LDPE and PP) is proposed, which is based on the rational use of production resources and production by-products.
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