Abstract
The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of the type of culture vessel, and sterilization method on secondary multiplication of somatic embryos of the banana cultivar Grande naine (AAA) in semisolid culture medium. From 200 µl of embryogenic cell aggregates, somatic embryos in the globular stage were formed, which were used in the experiments to compare the types of culture vessel (glass and plastic) and the form of sterilization – humid heat (autoclave) and chemical (Vitrofural®). The evaluations of the number of somatic embryos that were multiplied were done at 15 and 20 days of culture. The results obtained with respect to the multiplication phase were highly promising, 40.25 and 80.15 ± 5.0 somatic embryos at 15 and 20 days of culture in glass vessel with plastic cover and using the autoclave as the sterilization method. The results presented in this work open the door for the use of this phase in the mass propagation protocol of this crop via somatic embryogenesis.
Highlights
Bananas and plantains, which belong to the genus Musa of the family Musaceae, are widely distributed and constitute a staple food for more than 400 million people around the world
The somatic embryos obtained from the callus were observed after six months of culture and these were used for the establishment of embryogenic cell suspension (ECS)
The greatest secondary multiplication of banana somatic embryos was obtained in treatment 1 with a significant difference (P≥0.05) with the rest of the treatments
Summary
Bananas and plantains, which belong to the genus Musa of the family Musaceae, are widely distributed and constitute a staple food for more than 400 million people around the world. The protocol for scaling up in Cuban commercial laboratories (biofactories) of the somatic embryogenesis technology in bananas and plantains started with the formation of somatic embryos on semisolid culture medium. These were from embryogenic cell aggregates cultured constantly on an orbital shaker and subsequently their maturation, germination and growth to obtain complete plants. The true multiplication phase, which is secondary multiplication, has not yet been developed The use of this phase in the process of propagation in vitro is of great importance because of the unlimited potential of the secondary multiplication and the recurrence of somatic embryos. The synchronization of the process would avoid the operations of selection of the somatic embryos with adequate characteristics for subsequent maturation, germination and conversion of plants ex vitro(Tonon et al, 2001; Barry-Etienne et al, 2002; Celestino et al, 2005)
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