Second primary neoplasms in patients with primary orbital lymphoma: a population‐based study 1992 to 2016

Abstract

AbstractPurposeTo investigate, in a population‐based study, the risk of developing second primary neoplasms (SPNs) after a diagnosis of primary orbital lymphoma (OL).MethodsData on a cohort of patients with a diagnosis of primary OL as their first malignancy were extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results US registry from 1992 to 2016. Observed‐to‐expected ratio of developing SPNs was calculated to estimate relative risk (RR) and associated 95% confidence interval (CI), which were compared to a reference population (RP) matched for age, sex, race, and calendar year.ResultsA total of 1063 patients with primary OL were identified, 14% of whom developed SPNs. Mean age at OL diagnosis was 66 years old, while that at a SPN diagnosis was 74. There was a significant 20% excess risk of SPNs development in OL patients compared to the RP (p < 0.05). Two to 11 months after OL diagnosis, there was an increased risk of respiratory tract malignancies [RR: 3.2 (95% CI: 1.2–6.9); p < 0.05], while 10–15 years after diagnosis, there was an increased risk of colorectal cancer [RR: 3.0 (95% CI: 1.1–6.4); p < 0.05]. Stratification by sex revealed an increased risk of prostate cancer development in males [RR: 3.4 (95% CI: 1.1–8.0); p < 0.05]. Patients aged 40–59 years old experienced the greatest burden of SPNs with a significant 46% excess risk compared to the RP (p < 0.05). Radiotherapy‐treated patients were at a higher risk of thyroid SPNs [RR: 3.8 (95% CI: 1.04–9.6); p < 0.05].ConclusionsPatients with primary OL experience a 20% increased risk of SPNs compared to the RP. Two to 11 months and 10–15 years after OL diagnosis mark an increased risk of respiratory tract and colorectal SPNs, respectively. Male OL patients tend to more readily develop prostate malignancies than the RP. Patients 40–59 years old display the highest risk of SPNs. Radiotherapy is associated with an increased risk of developing thyroid neoplasms. Patients who are diagnosed with primary orbital lymphoma should be followed with these risks in mind.BibliographySurveillance Research Program, National Cancer Institute SEER*Stat software (www.seer.cancer.gov/seerstat) version 8.3.6.1.