Abstract

Second Order Operators (SOOs) are database functions which form secondary queries based on attributes of the objects returned in an initial query; they can provide powerful methods to investigate complex, multipartite information graphs. The NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) has implemented four SOOs, reviews, useful, trending, and similar which use the citations, references, downloads, and abstract text. This tutorial describes these operators in detail, both alone and in conjunction with other functions. It is intended for scientists and others who wish to make fuller use of the ADS database. Basic knowledge of the ADS is assumed.

Highlights

  • The Second Order Operators (SOO) are a unique feature of the Astrophysics Data System (ADS); they have been part of the system since the very beginning of the project [2]

  • Second Order Operators (SOOs) are database functions which form secondary queries based on attributes of the objects returned in an initial query; they can provide powerful methods to investigate complex, multipartite [1] information graphs

  • The similar operator is a modern implementation of the “partial match” search capability in the original ADS release [4]; it differs from the other three SOOs in that it does not rely on lists of connections, but uses the documents themselves

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Summary

Introduction

The Second Order Operators (SOO) are a unique feature of the ADS; they have been part of the system since the very beginning of the project [2]. The useful operator takes the reference lists from the papers in the 1st order list, combines them and returns this list, sorted by how frequently a referenced paper appears in the combined list. The trending operator takes the lists of readers who read the papers in the 1st order list, finds the lists of papers which each of them read, combines these lists, and returns the combined list, sorted by frequency of appearance. The present article is the first one to describe in detail the use and implementation of the SOOs in the modern ADS system

The useful operator
The similar operator
Discussion

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