Second malignancies following Hodgkin's disease treatment in Tunisia. Retrospective study of 26 cases observed at the institute Salah-Azaïz

Abstract

To collect second cancers in patients treated for Hodgkin disease (HD) during adolescence and young adulthood at Salah Azaïz Institute of Tunis. We consider as second cancer all tumours other than HD observed in patients after treatment for HD. Twenty-five patients among 614 treated for HD between 1975 and 1991 developed 26 secondary tumours (4.2%). There were 17 males and eight females (sex ratio 2:1). Mean age at the diagnosis of HD was 32.5 years (12-56). HD was stage II (eight cases), stage III (14) and stage IV in three. The first treatment was combined chemotherapy and radiotherapy in 22 cases and only chemotherapy in three cases (stage IV). Radiotherapy was delivered with Cobalt 60 by large fields. Mean dose was 41.3 Gy (2 Gy/fraction in 21 and 3.3 in one). Chemotherapy was MOPP (13), MOPP and vinblastine (four), MOPP-ABVD (five), ABVD (two) and vinblastine only in one. Mean delay of second tumours was 114.5 months (40-276). There was five acute myeloid leukaemia, two digestive non-Hodgkin lymphomas, five nodal high-grade lymphomas, three breast cancers (one in man associated with thyroid cancer), five lung cancers (three non-small cell and two of small cell type), two gastric tumours and one rectal cancer, one synovialosarcoma of the knee and one malignant Schwannoma of the neck. Median survival was 12.5 months (2-48). Twenty-one patients died and four are still alive with 8, 12, 24 and 48 months of follow-up. Second cancer risk after treatment for HD is not low. Risk factors and preventive strategies are discussed.