Abstract
The second harmonic signal of a magnetic nanoparticle in an oscillating magnetic field was enhanced, by applying a static bias field. To promote the second harmonic signal, the oscillating field was applied perpendicular to the signal detection and static bias field. The second harmonic signal, detected in this study, was significantly higher than that of the third harmonic signal detected without a static bias field. It was also significantly higher than that of the second harmonic signal with the static bias and oscillating drive field parallel to the signal detection direction, as in the conventional setup of previous studies. The second harmonic signal dependence on the intensity of the static bias field showed that the signal intensity had a maximal value beyond the field free point (FFP), despite the maximal third harmonic existing within the FFP. In our system, the odd numbered harmonics, including the fundamental harmonic, were no longer detected. This is because the fundamental signal had a frequency twice that of the applied oscillating field. This may contribute to a significantly higher signal to noise ratio for magnetic particle imaging (MPI). In addition, the full width at half maximum associated with MPI resolution was constant with drive field amplitude, which contributes to high signal intensity and resolution, concurrently.
Highlights
Magnetic particle imaging (MPI), using magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) as tracers, has garnered attention as a medical imaging technique.1 The harmonic signals of MNPs, generated on applying an alternating-current (AC) magnetic field, are detected for MPI
M2,A shows its maximal value beyond the field free point (FFP), with HDC=0 A/m, which agrees with the conventional study
The magnetization signal for the second harmonic was 1.18 and 2.47 times higher than the second and third harmonic signals, respectively, when measured with parallel direct current (DC) bias and AC fields, as in the conventional setup of previous studies
Summary
Magnetic particle imaging (MPI), using magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) as tracers, has garnered attention as a medical imaging technique. The harmonic signals of MNPs, generated on applying an alternating-current (AC) magnetic field, are detected for MPI. The harmonic signals of MNPs, generated on applying an alternating-current (AC) magnetic field, are detected for MPI. The effects of the core diameter, anisotropy, and particle structure of MNPs, on harmonic signals, have been widely investigated.. The multicore structure was effective for both MPI and hyperthermia treatment.. The odd numbered harmonics were detected in MPI because these were the strongest in the magnetization of MNPs. the second harmonic signal appeared strongly when applying an additional DC bias field. The second harmonic signal appeared strongly when applying an additional DC bias field The intensity of this signal was higher than that of the third harmonic.. The signal intensity, in terms of MPI, was significantly improved in comparison with the second and third harmonics of a conventional setup
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