Second Flavor of Heavy Ions (SFHI) instead of WIMP?

Abstract

Among two dozen theories of dark matter, only three of them do not go beyond the Standard Model and do not invent new physical laws. Therefore, these three theories are favored by Occam's razor principle. The theory based on the experimentally confirmed existence of the second flavor of hydrogen atoms is one of these three and it explains more observed manifestations of dark matter than any other theory. However, none of the two dozen theories explained by itself each and every observed manifestation of dark matter. It is possible that dark matter is a multi-faceted phenomenon having a variety of observed manifestations – analogously, e.g., to electrons manifesting as particles in some experiments or as waves in other experiments. Therefore, theories beyond the above three could be also entertained. One of dark matter hypotheses going beyond the Standard Model is Weakly Interactive Massive Particles (WIMP) that are assumed to be much more massive than baryons. However, despite various experimental attempts, WIMP were never observed. We could suggest that if there are massive dark matter particles, then more realistically they could be the Second Flavor of Heavy Ions (SFHI) described in the present paper. The SFHI could have a doubly-magic spherical nucleus, e.g., 40Ca20, or 48Ca20, or 48Ni28, or 56Ni28, or 78Ni28, or 100Sn50, or 132Sn50. The SFHI are really dark, as explained in the present paper. While there is no experimental confirmation of the existence of WIMP, we refer to the first experimental indication of the existence of the SFHI having 40Ca20 or 48Ca20 as the nucleus.