Second derivative UV absorbance analysis to monitor nitrate-reduction by bacteria in most probable number determinations

Abstract

Heterotrophic and autotrophic nitrate-reducing bacteria (NRB) play important roles in many environments. These bacteria are often enumerated by most probable number (MPN) methods. Measuring NO 3 − depletion in the MPN cultures is the definitive way to determine the presence of NRB. Media used for MPN determinations of NRB in oil field waters usually contain high Cl − concentrations, matching those in the water samples. Many methods for measuring NO 3 − concentrations, such as ion chromatography (IC), cadmium reduction and ion electrode methods, are adversely affected by high concentrations of Cl − and organic compounds. A second derivative UV absorbance method proved to be a fast and reliable means for measuring NO 3 − depletion in MPN media used for enumerating autotrophic and heterotrophic NRB, without interferences from Cl − or the organic components in the latter medium. The MPN results for heterotrophic NRB determined by the second derivative UV absorbance agreed well with those determined by the production of nitrous oxide, and were often higher than those determined by measuring nitrate depletion by the diphenylamine spot test.