Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD), which involves the onset and exacerbation of various conditions including dyslipidemia, activation of the renin–angiotensin system, vascular endothelial cell damage, and oxidative stress, is a leading cause of high mortality rates and accounts for one-third of deaths worldwide. Accordingly, as dietary changes in daily life are thought to greatly reduce the prevalence of CVD, numerous studies have been conducted to examine the potential use of foods and their bioactive components for preventing and treating CVD. In particular, seaweeds contain unique bioactive metabolites that are not found in terrestrial plants because of the harsh environment in which they survive, leading to in vitro and in vivo studies of their prevention and treatment effects. This review summarizes studies that focused on the beneficial effects of seaweeds and their natural products targeting markers involved in a cascade of mechanisms related to CVD pathogenesis. The purpose of this review is to describe the potential of seaweeds and their natural products for preventing and treating CVD based on in vivo and in vitro studies. This review provides a basis for future research in the field of marine drugs.
Highlights
According to the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, from 2015 to 2018, the prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) including coronary heart disease (CHD), heart failure (HF), and hypertension in adults over 20 years of age is 49.2%(126.9 million people in 2018), whereas the CVD prevalence excluding hypertension (CHD, HF, and stroke only) is 9.3% (26.1 million in 2018) [1]
The purpose of this review is to describe the potential of seaweeds and their natural products for preventing and treating CVD based on in vivo and in vitro studies
A large proportion of CVD cases is directly related to dietary risks, high systolic blood pressure (BP), high body mass index, high total cholesterol level, high fasting plasma glucose level, tobacco smoking, and low levels of physical activity [3]
Summary
According to the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, from 2015 to 2018, the prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) including coronary heart disease (CHD), heart failure (HF), and hypertension in adults over 20 years of age is 49.2%. Hypertension and dyslipidemia, as the two main risk factors for CVD, typically cause arteriosclerosis by blocking or narrowing the coronary arteries that supply blood to the heart. Various epidemiological studies have shown that the prevalence of coexisting hypertension and dyslipidemia is 15–31% [12,13] The coexistence of these two risk factors has more than an additive adverse impact on the vascular endothelium, increasing the risk of atherosclerosis and leading to CVD [14]. Several studies have revealed an association between dietary intake of seaweed and increased life expectancy or reduced incidence of certain diseases, such as CVD [19].
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
