Abstract
Food contact materials (FCMs) are materials that come in contact with food products such as food packaging which play a significant role in the food quality and safety. Plastic, which is a major food packaging material, harms the eco-system, wildlife, and the environment. As a result, numerous researches have been in progress on alternative polymers, which has similar properties as plastic but is also environmentally friendly (biodegradable). In recent years, the utilization of seaweed polysaccharides has piqued interest due to its biodegradability, non-toxicity, antioxidant capabilities, and excellent film formation ability. However, it has a number of drawbacks such as low tensile strength, water solubility, and moderate antibacterial characteristics, among others. The addition of other biopolymers, nanoparticles, or natural active agents improves these features. In this review article, we have summarized the current state of seaweed polysaccharide research in active packaging, intelligent packaging, edible films, and coatings. It also highlights the physical, thermal, antioxidant, and other properties of these materials. Finally, the article discusses the relevant legislation as well as the field’s future prospects. Research shows that seaweeds polysaccharide looks promising as a sustainable food contact material, but there is always a potential for development to make it market feasible.
Highlights
Food contact materials (FCMs) are materials that come in contact with food products, including food packaging, containers, cutlery, and dishes
Intelligent packaging materials are defined by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) as “materials and items that monitor the state of packaged food or the environment surrounding the food” [34]
The mechanical, chemical, physical, thermal, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties of seaweed based FCMs have been substantially improved by using raw seaweed extract or its polysaccharide in combination with other biopolymers and additives such as nanoparticles and active agents
Summary
Food contact materials (FCMs) are materials that come in contact with food products, including food packaging, containers, cutlery, and dishes. Macroscopic, benthic algae with a fast growth rate, resulting in a rapid accumulation of biomass They are available in abundance, which is the main reason for their high demand in the food industry. Indonesia, has developed biodegradable edible films from seaweed These edible sachets are used for the packaging of various food products such as cereal, coffee, salt, pepper, sauces, and oils. JetNet Corporation, Sewickley, PA, USA, developed an edible Nutrafilm from Carrageenan that increases the shelf life of meat, poultry, and dairy products These packaging materials are edible or biodegradable in 4–6 weeks [17]. It emphasizes the legal aspects of seaweeds as FCMs, as well as future prospects
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