Abstract
This study aimed to compare the activity of ants during the rainy and dry seasons in a transitional environment (ecotone) at the interface of Cerrado and Caatinga biomes situated in the state of Piauí, where studies of local ant fauna are still incipient. The research was carried out at Floriano, state of Piauí, Brazil. Ants were sampled during the rainy season in December 2018 and during the dry season in June 2019. Three parallel transects were established at least 100 m apart. At each point, three sampling methods were used, with attractive baits placed on the trees and ground, and pitfall traps on the ground. Thirty-one ant species belonging to 14 genera and five subfamilies were collected, with 27 recorded in the rainy season and 17 in the dry season. The only species reported with the three collection methods and the two seasons was Camponotus crassus Mayr, 1862. Seven ant species sampled in this study are new reports for the state of Piauí. There was a significant difference in the average number of ants and the composition of the assemblages between the rainy and dry seasons. We demonstrate that the activity of ants is influenced by seasonality, corroborating our hypotheses. This is only the second study on ant diversity in the state of Piauí, and more studies are necessary to understand the processes and factors which regulate the activity patterns of ants in ecotonal situations like those observed in this region.
Highlights
Ants are eusocial insects prominent in terrestrial ecosystems because of their wide geographical distribution, abundance, and species richness (Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990; Alonso & Agosti, 2000; Vasconcelos et al, 2001; Jory & Feitosa, 2020)
This study aimed to compare the activity of ants during the rainy and dry seasons in a transitional environment at the interface of Cerrado and Caatinga biomes situated in the state of Piauí, where studies of local ant fauna are still incipient
In the state of Piauí, northeastern Brazil, 152 ant species distributed in 53 genera and nine subfamilies were reported in 24 sites sampled (Jory & Feitosa, 2020)
Summary
Ants are eusocial insects prominent in terrestrial ecosystems because of their wide geographical distribution, abundance, and species richness (Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990; Alonso & Agosti, 2000; Vasconcelos et al, 2001; Jory & Feitosa, 2020). In the state of Piauí, northeastern Brazil, 152 ant species distributed in 53 genera and nine subfamilies were reported in 24 sites sampled (Jory & Feitosa, 2020). This state requires prioritization in terms of diversity studies, since it presents an ex-.
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