Abstract
This study aimed at using nine ecological parameters in evaluating the quality of the Tigris River for public usage, by choosing five sampling sites along the river in Baghdad area. These parameters included temperature, pH, the saturated ratio by dissolved oxygen (%sat), biological oxygen demand (BOD5), nitrate (NO3?1), phosphate (PO4?3), fecal coliform (FC) turbidity and total dissolved solids (TDS), and these parameters were used for calculating overall water quality index in the Tigris River at study area. The results showed high values of turbidity and TDS, as well as high count of FC in all study stations, while other studied parameters were within permissible limit defined by world health organization and Iraqi criteria. The results of the overall water quality index indicated that the Tigris River was in class medium, therefore the Tigris River water in study area is relatively not safe for direct domestic use in all seasons.
Highlights
Water is an essential requirement of human and industrial developments and it is the most delicate part of the environment [1]
This study aimed at using nine ecological parameters in evaluating the quality of the Tigris River for public usage, by choosing five sampling sites along the river in Baghdad area. These parameters included temperature, pH, the saturated ratio by dissolved oxygen (%sat), biological oxygen demand (BOD5), nitrate ( NO13 ), phosphate ( PO34 ), fecal coliform (FC) turbidity and total dissolved solids (TDS), and these parameters were used for calculating overall water quality index in the Tigris River at study area
The results showed high values of turbidity and TDS, as well as high count of FC in all study stations, while other studied parameters were within permissible limit defined by world health organization and Iraqi criteria
Summary
Water is an essential requirement of human and industrial developments and it is the most delicate part of the environment [1]. “Water quality deals with the physical, chemical and biological characteristics in relation to all other hydrological properties” [2]. “A continuous monitoring of water quality is very essential to determine the state of pollution in our rivers, and water quality index (WQI), in common with many other indices system, relates to a group of water quality parameters to a common scale and combines them into single number in accordance with a chosen method or model of computation”[3,4,5]. The index presented here is a unit less number ranging from 1 to 100. A higher number is indicative of better water quality
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