Abstract
This paper is concerned with observations of the long-term behavior of Kelvin waves with the wave period ranging from 3 to 4 days, which are generally called an ultra-fast Kelvin (UFK) wave. Horizontal wind velocity at 74–110 km altitudes observed with a meteor wind radar (MWR) near Jakarta (6.4°S, 106.7°E) for five years during November 1992 and December 1997 and daily radiosonde profiles in Bandung (6.9°S, 107.6°E) collected between October 1993 and March 1996 and have been analyzed. In the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT) region, the UFK wave activity, defined by the spectral density of zonal wind perturbations at the 3.0–3.8 day period, is strongly enhanced twice a year. An interaction between UFK waves and a semiannual oscillation in the mesosphere (MSAO) can be suggested, although an exact mechanism is uncertain. We also have investigated seasonal variation of 3.0–3.8 day oscillations of zonal winds in the stratosphere, excluding gravity wave components, but, we have not detected an evidence of semiannual periodicity. The UFK wave activity in the MLT region exhibited intraseasonal variations, which showed some correlation with the amplitudes of zonal wind in the troposphere.
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