Abstract
Abstract Seasonal changes in the ganglioside content of cows', goats' and ewes' milk were studied over a one year period. All species considered showed the highest ganglioside content in autumn. The minimum ganglioside content was observed in summer milk for cows and goats but not for ewes. A correlation between the fat and ganglioside content of milk seems to emerge from these and other results. Identified (selected for milk production) Holstein-Friesian cows had a lower ganglioside content than unidentified cows (milk samples from bulk tanks of a dairy factory). Minor changes in the ganglioside pattern of cows' milk were detected. However, seasonal variations in the total sialic acid content of cows' and goats' milk through the year were not detected. The availability of lipid precursors rather than the sialic acid content or sialyltransferases activity seems to be the limiting factor for milk ganglioside biosynthesis. Finally, the ganglioside content of cows' milk was not affected by mild heat-treatment (thermization, 65 °C, 30 s).
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