Abstract
Seasonal variation of water quality parameters and health condition of some small endangered open water fishes are Baila (Glossogobius giuris), Gutum (Lepidocephalichthys guntea) and Tara baim (Macrognathus aculeatus) was carried out through clinical and histological observation from Kailla beel of Ishargonj upazila, Mymensingh and Surma river, Gobindogonj upazila, Sunamgonj district, Sylhet region for a period of eight months from September 2014 to April 2015. Water quality parameters like water temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, ammonia, alkalinity, hardness, and nitrate were recorded. Water temperature, pH, alkalinity and hardness were found at unfavorable level for fish in mid November and January. Clinical examinations of the fish were carried out at monthly intervals and any kind of abnormalities were recorded. Clinically it was observed that, fish was affected with fin and tail rot, gill rot, parasitic infestation, nutritional deformities, numerous red spots and patches in lateral and ventral regions, large deep whitish ulcers reached up to deep ulcers especially in December and January in both region. Samples of skin, muscle, gill, liver and kidney were collected and processed for histological observations. Major pathology in the skin and muscle were epidermis separated from dermis, presence of fungal granuloma, vacuums, hemorrhage and necrosis. Loss of primary and secondary gill lamellae, hypertrophy and primary gill lamellae separated, necrosis and hemorrhage were found in the gill. Large vacuums, necrosis and hemorrhage were observed in liver and kidney. Among the affected fish organs skin and muscle, gills were more affected than the internal organs like liver and kidney. Overall, clinical and histological observations of fishes were found to be more affected in December and January. Whereas, in the months of mid February to April, the pathological condition of fish gradually healed up to normal except few vacuums and hemorrhage. Under histopathological observations, fishes of Kailla beel were more affected than the fishes of surma river. In clinical and histopathological observation open water fishes were more susceptible due to EUS.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. June 2015, 1(1): 95-102
Highlights
Bangladesh is very rich in inland freshwater resources
Water quality parameters Water quality of the Kailla beel and Surma river was studied from September 2014 to April 2015
In December and January, a monogenean trematode was present in dermis of G. giuris (Fig. 9), splitted dermis, vaccum, necrosis, haemorrhage and protozoan cyst were observed in G. giuris, at that time same changes were found in L. guntea and M. aculeatus fishes in kailla beel
Summary
Bangladesh is very rich in inland freshwater resources. The inland water bodies include ponds, rivers, canals, reservoirs, lakes, Oxbow lakes, floodplains and natural depressions. The closed inland water resources are estimated 7.74 hectare of which 3.71 million hectare ponds, 0.055 million hectare oxbow lakes, 2.75 million hectare shrimp farm, 1.22 million hectare seasonal water bodies; 27.11 million hectare floodplains (DoF, 2013) These water bodies are good and ideal habitat for small indigenous fish (SIS) as well as many. Commercially important indigenous small fishes of Bangladesh such as catfish, cyprinids, perches, ell and snake headed etc This species of fish always remain available for daily consumption of all classes of people especially low-income groups, due to their low price, food taste and good flavor and high nutritional quality. SIS has high nutritional value in terms of protein, vitamin, and minerals and these micronutrients are not commonly available in other foods (Thilsted et al, 1997) These groups of fish contain large amount of calcium and iron and zinc (Tripathi, 1997). Considering the above facts the present study has been undertaken with the following objectives are to investigate water quality parameters of Kailla beel and Surma river in relation to different months and observe the health status of selected fish species from the two different areas with the seasonal variation
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