Seasonal variation of intra-ocular pressure in glaucoma with and without dry eye

Manami Kuze,Motoko Kawashima,Miki Uchino,Kazuno Negishi,Kenya Yuki,Kazuo Tsubota,Masahiko Ayaki

doi:10.1038/s41598-020-70606-w

Manami Kuze, Motoko Kawashima + Show 5 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-70606-w

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Journal: Scientific Reports	Publication Date: Aug 18, 2020
Citations: 6	License type: open-access

Affiliation: Mie University, Keio University

Abstract

The management of intra-ocular pressure (IOP) is important for glaucoma treatment. IOP is recognized for showing seasonal fluctuation. Glaucoma patients can be at high risk of dry eye disease (DED). We thus evaluated seasonal variation of IOP with and without DED in glaucoma patients. This study enrolled 4,708 patients, with mean age of 55.2 years, who visited our clinics in Japan from Mar 2015 to Feb 2017. We compared the seasonal variation in IOP (mean ± SD) across spring (March–May), summer (June–August), fall (September–November), and winter (December–February). IOP was highest in winter and lowest in summer, at 14.2/13.7 for non-glaucoma without DED group (n = 2,853, P = 0.001), 14.5/13.6 for non-glaucoma with DED group (n = 1,500, P = 0.000), 14.0/13.0 for glaucoma without DED group (n = 240, P = 0.051), and 15.4/12.4 for glaucoma with DED group (n = 115, P = 0.015). Seasonal variation was largest across the seasons in the glaucoma with DED group. IOP was also inversely correlated with corneal staining score (P = 0.000). In conclusion, the seasonal variation was significant in most of study groups and IOP could tend to be low in summer.

Highlights

The management of intra-ocular pressure (IOP) is important for glaucoma treatment
We sought to understand the contribution of dry eye disease (DED) to seasonal variations in IOP, and we evaluated seasonal variation of IOP with and without DED in glaucoma patients
Prostaglandin analogues (PG) are a first-line medication that was prescribed for 80.5% of non-DED cases and 73.3% for DED cases in this study

Summary

Introduction

The management of intra-ocular pressure (IOP) is important for glaucoma treatment. IOP is recognized for showing seasonal fluctuation. We evaluated seasonal variation of IOP with and without DED in glaucoma patients. Mean IOPs are reportedly higher in winter and lower in summer in both normal[7,8,9] and glaucoma[10,11] subjects, and the magnitude of these fluctuations are larger in patients with glaucoma than in normal subjects. It is important to control IOP since a large diurnal fluctuation in IOP is a known risk factor for the progression of glaucoma[12]. DED signs and symptoms tend to vary throughout the year, and with seasonal changes across summer to winter[8]. These findings corroborate the influential factors including climate, sunlight, temperature, humidity and light. We sought to understand the contribution of DED to seasonal variations in IOP, and we evaluated seasonal variation of IOP with and without DED in glaucoma patients

Methods

Results

Conclusion