Abstract
Aim:To investigate the influence of season on erythrocyte picture, plasma enzyme and electrolyte profile of local pig of Mizoram at a different age.Materials and Methods:A volume of 2 ml of blood samples were collected from 72 Zovawk pigs of three different age groups viz. pre-weaning, grower and adult pigs reared in College of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry Selesih, Aizawl, Mizoram, India, livestock farm during summer and winter in order to find out influence of season on erythrocyte picture, enzyme and electrolyte profile. The hematological parameters were estimated by using an automatic blood analyzer. The biochemical parameters were estimated by using diagnostic kits.Results:The grower pigs had lower hemoglobin (Hb), packed cell volume (PCV), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular Hb (MCH) during summer, rainy and winter seasons (p<0.05) and lower MCH concentration (MCHC) during summer season (p<0.05). Adult pigs had lower Hb with higher total erythrocyte count in rainy season. PCV and MCV of adult pigs decreased in summer (p<0.05). Serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase activity of both the grower and adult groups increased during summer and rainy seasons (p<0.05). Zovawk pigs had higher sodium (Na) and lower potassium (K) in rainy season (p<0.05). Pre-weaning piglets had higher Na, K, calcium (Ca), and magnesium (Mg) in summer than in winter. Grower pigs had higher Na, K and Ca in summer (p<0.05). Pi of pre-weaning and grower groups was higher in winter. Adult pigs had lower alkaline phosphatase activity and Ca in summer and higher Pi and Mg in winter (p<0.05).Conclusion:Seasonal variation in some hemato-biochemical parameters of Zovawk pig were investigated. Influence of season on the hemato-biochemical profile was most evident during the grower stage, followed by adults and pre-weaning piglets.
Highlights
Physiological signs of heat stress in pigs include an increase in respiration rate, rectal temperature, pulse rate, reduction in feed intake and behavioral adjustments
The seasonal variation in mean±standard error of erythrocyte picture, enzyme profile and electrolyte profile of Zovawk pig in three different groups viz. pre-weaning, grower and adult groups are presented in Tables 2-4 respectively
The mean corpuscular Hb (MCH) concentration (MCHC) of grower pigs was lower in summer than in winter (p
Summary
Physiological signs of heat stress in pigs include an increase in respiration rate, rectal temperature, pulse rate, reduction in feed intake and behavioral adjustments. High humidity causes physiological signs of heat stress at lower ambient temperature, and the impact of heat stress is more when high humidity exists in the presence of high ambient temperature [1,2]. Penalties to efficient performance, production, reproduction, feed conversion, health and welfare of animals can be severe as it is well-documented [3,4]. A number of hematological and biochemical parameters showed variations in the presence of stress due to high ambient temperature and relative humidity [4,5]
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