Seasonal variation in the activity of the Leydig cells in Egyptian Nubian goat (Zaraibi) bucks

Abstract

Ten Egyptian Nubian goat bucks were used to evaluate the effect of season on testicular hormonal activity and ultrastructure. Parameters were recorded for 7 consecutive weeks in the middle of the four seasons, with blood samples being collected weekly. At the end of each of these seasons, testicular biopsies were obtained surgically for histological and cytological studies. Season had a significant effect on plasma testosterone concentration, being at its lowest level ( P < 0.01) during winter and spring (1.2 and 2.6 ng/ml, respectively), while at its highest during summer (10 ng/ml). The effect of season on plasma LH concentration was higher ( P < 0.01) in autumn (2.9 mIU/ml) and less in spring and summer (0.4 mIU/ml). Season of the year influenced the percentage of sectional tissue area occupied by the seminiferous tubules and interstitial tissue. Seminiferous tubules occupied the majority of the testicular tissue during winter (76.6%), with the least being occupied during spring (49.8%). The thickness of the seminiferous tubules was maximal during autumn, followed by summer (53 and 36 μm, respectively). In summer the Leydig cells contained abundant smooth endoplasmic reticulum (sER), while some areas of the cytoplasm were occupied exclusively by tubular sER, arranged in parallel—indicating the highest activity of these cells. A characteristic multivesicular structure with numerous large lipid droplets and vacuoles was recorded in the Leydig cells during spring and winter, denoting low or even arrested activity of the cells. It could be concluded that season influences the activity of the Leydig cells of Egyptian Nubian bucks, and this is reflected by their ultrastructure and secretive activity.