Seasonal variation in physico-chemical characteristic status of River Yamuna in Doon Valley of Uttarakhand

Abstract

During the last few decades there has been an increasing demand for monitoring water quality of many rivers by regular measurements of various water quality variables. River Yamuna in Uttarakhand requires the same qualitative and quantitative aspects of monitoring for predicting the steady state water quality conditions. In the present work various physico chemical parameters i.e. , Temperature, transparency, velocity, turbidity, conductivity, TS, TDS, TSS, pH, total alkalinity, total hardness, calcium, magnesium, chloride, free CO2, DO, BOD, COD, phosphate, nitrate, sodium and potassium were analyzed for various seasons; Summer, Monsoon, Winter, for the period (April, 2011-March, 2012) in surface water of river Yamuna. Our results showed that TS, TDS and TSS were maximum in monsoon and temperature and Dissolved Oxygen was found to be maximum in winter. Velocity was found to be maximum in monsoon followed by summer and winter. The observations implied that the physico- chemical conditions of River Yamuna was good in all the three seasons however change in seasonal conditions had a great effect on hydrological parameters.