Abstract
The present research deals with the study of physico-chemical and bacteriological characteristics of sewage water collected from three different sites of Coimbatore during two consecutive seasons. Seasonal variations indicated that the most of the nutrients (viz., total N, phosphates) and salts (nitrates, chlorides and sulphates) are present abundantly at pre-monsoon and the physical characters like TSS (600 mg/L) are more at post-monsoon. Multiple comparisons made using analysis of variance showed that the Ukkadam sampling point varies significantly from other two points. The total coliform count for the Ukkadam samples were >2400 (MPN/100ml) in raw sewage. This study concludes that the physicochemical characters and microbiological characters are outrageous in the raw sewage and upon the treatment the undesirable characters are reduced. Studies on the sewage characteristics of treatment plants are crucial to know the pollutant levels upon the various time scales and the treatment status which is necessary to improve the state of the art of the treatment process.
Highlights
All around the world, water scarcity is an increasing problem and it is interlinked with water contamination and pollution
Seasonal variation indicated that Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) (p=0.0062) and Chemical oxygen demand (COD) (p=0.0012) levels were significantly high in the premonsoon season and the maximum value obtained for BOD is 320 ppm in the raw sewage of Ukkdam tank
Wastewater characteristics play an important role in the designating of wastewater treatment facilities
Summary
Water scarcity is an increasing problem and it is interlinked with water contamination and pollution. The water is returned to environment as “wastewater”. This domestic wastewater from its origin to treatment system on its way blended with some of the industrial wastes, pharmacy wastes and agricultural runoff and termed as “sewage water”. The sewage water is heavily polluted with heavy metals, pharmaceutical compounds, nutrients and all the local wastes specific to the particular locality. Sewage water is complex in nature which requires specialized treatment systems depending on the composition. Sewage composition shows discrepancy from one location to another and it is heavily influenced by biotic and abiotic factors[18]. Biotic factors include humans and their socio-economical behaviour whereas the abiotic factor encompasses all the wastes from food wastes to industrial wastes that are added on its way to treatment
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