Seasonal Variation in Frequency of Isolation of Ophiosphaerella korrae from Bermudagrass Roots in Mississippi and Pathogenicity and Optimal Growth of Selected Isolates

Abstract

Isolation frequency of Ophiosphaerella korrae (spring dead spot pathogen) from Cynodon dactylon (bermudagrass) roots at a golf course near West Point, Mississippi, was monitored over a 3-year investigation. Laboratory and greenhouse experiments were conducted to determine optimal temperatures for the growth of selected O. korrae isolates collected from the field study and to evaluate those isolates for pathogenicity potential. Isolation frequencies of the pathogen from naturally infested root samples were significantly higher in the winter and spring and lowest in the fall regardless of cultural, nutrient, and chemical treatments. Annual soil temperatures ranged between 8 and 29 degrees C, and no correlation was observed between temperature and percent isolation of O. korrae. Optimal in vitro growth of selected O. korrae isolates ranged from 21 to 25 degrees C. Root discoloration was significantly greater in the presence of O. korrae compared to non-inoculated roots in greenhouse studies. Results of this study confirm and are the first to document that O. korrae naturally infests roots throughout the bermudagrass growth cycle, but factors other than temperature and management practices may influence O. korrae in situ.