Abstract
A total of 1104 fish samples from markets of Sicily were analysed for the detection and species identification of Anisakidae nematodes. The preliminary analysis of the fish samples showed the presence of 2459 larvae. All the fish species revealed different prevalence of infestation, with a maximum of 100% for Lepidopus caudatus and a minimum of 4.5% in Sardina pilchardus. The 80% of the larvae examined by PCR-RFLP analysis belonged to Anisakis pegreffii species. The seasonal infestation trend of Anisakis was evaluated in all the fish sample examined. The results of the seasonal infestation trend showed a marked connection with the ecological aspects of the fish species examined. As far as we know, this work report for the first time important ecological aspects of Lepidopus caudatus specimens of South Mediterranean. This work could be useful to plan a seasonal fishing strategy aimed at reducing the health risks related to Anisakis.
Highlights
The fish species, especially the blue fish, are fundamental foods of the Mediterranean diet, especially for their high nutritional and health properties, many studies have demonstrated the preventive effects against certain diseases, especially cardiac ones
This work aimed at investigate the seasonal infestation trend of Anisakis spp. in the fish samples analysed to assess a possible correlation with the ecological aspects of the fish species and have a chronological risk assessment regarding the consumption of blue fish
All the Lepidopus caudatus samples were infested by Anisakis spp. nematodes giving a prevalence of 100%, followed by horse mackerel (Trachurus trachurus 83.3%) and Atlantic mackerel (Scomber scombrus 68.8%)
Summary
The fish species, especially the blue fish, are fundamental foods of the Mediterranean diet, especially for their high nutritional and health properties, many studies have demonstrated the preventive effects against certain diseases, especially cardiac ones. KEYWORDS Anisakis spp.; PCR-RFLP; morphological identification; prevalence of infestation These fish species have been used as bioindicators to evaluate the health of the seas, as they are excellent accumulators of organic and inorganic contaminants, as reported in the literature (Leonardis & Macciola 2004; Di Bella et al 2015; Salvo et al 2016; Pecoraro et al 2017; Cammilleri et al 2018).
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