Abstract
BackgroundAs the habitat changes in Korea due to climate change, the emergence of disease-mediated vectors is increasing rapidly. Thus for the surveillance of mosquito- and chigger mite-borne disease, their seasonal prevalence and species composition were investigated at seven locations in Daegu, Gunwi and Sangju.MethodsMosquitoes were collected twice every month from five collection sites using a black light and BG sentinel traps in Daegu and Gunwi from April through November. Chigger mites were investigated twice per month from wild rodents caught with Sherman live traps in Gunwi and Sangju from April through May and September through November.ResultsA total of 2,361 female mosquitoes were collected. Cowshed (626 individuals, Trap index (TI) 44.7) and Kyungpook National University campus (846 individuals, TI 60.4) in Daegu had the highest number of mosquitoes in the black light and BG sentinel trap, respectively. The mosquitoes were collected more by BG sentinel trap than the black light trap. Nine mosquito species were trapped, and the Culex pipiens complex was the most commonly mosquito (1,397 individuals, 59.2%), followed by Anopheles sinensis (554 individuals, 23.5%). Anopheles sinensis (531 individuals, 51.9%) and Culex pipiens complex (1,142 individuals, 85.4%) were the most mosquitoes from black light and BG sentinel trap, respectively. In terms of seasonal prevalence, the highest abundance was in July, with 824 individuals collected. In chigger mites, eighty-one wild rodents of five species that are hosts of chigger mites were collected; among them, 53 and 25 individuals of Apodemus agrarius and Crocidura suaveolens, respectively were trapped. Leptotrombidium pallidum was a dominant species, with 2,467 individuals collected (67.8%).ConclusionsThe mosquito was the dominant species in Culex pipiens complex and the highest in July and August. Apodemus agrarius was most abundant in wild rats and Leptotrombidium pallidum was dominant in the collected chigger mites.
Highlights
As the habitat changes in Korea due to climate change, the emergence of disease-mediated vectors is increasing rapidly
Recent global climate changes affect the habitat characteristics of various species and the density of vectors of pathogens that transmit diseases to humans is rapidly increasing in various regions (Epstein et al, 1998, Martens, Jetten, & Focks, 1997, Yi et al, 2014)
In South Korea, 54 mosquito species have been recorded (Paek et al, 2010), of which Culex tritaeniorhynchus and Anopheles Hyrcanus Group have caused many illnesses, because they carry Japanese encephalitis virus and Plasmodium vivax Malaria, respectively (Korea centers for disease control and prevention, 2014)
Summary
As the habitat changes in Korea due to climate change, the emergence of disease-mediated vectors is increasing rapidly. Recent global climate changes affect the habitat characteristics of various species and the density of vectors of pathogens that transmit diseases to humans is rapidly increasing in various regions (Epstein et al, 1998, Martens, Jetten, & Focks, 1997, Yi et al, 2014). These changes may expand the occurrence of vector-borne. Studies on the seasonal prevalence of mosquitoes in Korea have begun with the re-emergence of Plasmodium vivax which reported to have already disappeared near the Gyeonggi province in 1993 (Kim, Chong, Collier, Lee, & Klein, 2007a, Kim, Chong, Collier, & Klein, 2009a, Kim, Chong, Nunn, McNemee, & Klein, 2009b, Kim et al 2010, Kim et al 2006, Kim et al 2004, Kim, Friendly, et al 2003a, Kim et al 1997, Kim et al 1999, Kim et al 2001, Kim, Lee, et al 2003b, Kim et al 2000, Kim, Turell, et al 2007b, Kim, Chong, Collier, & Klein, 2009a, Lee & Kim 2001, Lee et al 2009, Shim et al 2010)
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