Seasonal, longitudinal, and latitudinal differences in air pressure over Russia during the solar activity maximum and minimum years

Abstract

Using a large set of observational data (for ∼50–100 years) obtained at 333 meteorological stations in Russia, we have shown that there is a clearly expressed differential pressure DP in the years of maximum and minimum solar activity by months and seasons, and by latitude and longitude. The values of the parameter DP were observed to be especially large at high latitudes U = 62.5°–67.5° in the longitude range D = 30°–50° in March (DP = −4.45 ± 0.5 mbar) and in September (DP = 2.49 ± 0.21 mbar). We have concluded that the solar and geomagnetic activities can control the development of internal instabilities of the atmosphere and thus affect the climate.