Abstract
Urban particulate air pollution is a known cause of adverse human health effects worldwide. Urumqi is a large oasis city in which rapid urbanization has caused a series of eco-environmental problems including serious air pollution, water shortage, dense population, excess energy consumption, and the creation of an urban heat island, among others. Coal is the most important source of energy and air pollutants that are poorly dispersed into the natural surroundings are the main reasons for serious pollution in the Urumqi urban area. Using differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DOAS), aerosol levels were determined using the double optical path method. We found that aerosol concentrations in Urumqi increased rapidly in winter, and that the concentration of fine particles was much higher than that of coarse particles. The background aerosol concentration was highest in winter in the research area, and the air-flow speed had a significant impact on this because high speed surface winds that correspond to high air flows can transport the aerosol to other places. Some of the observed day-to-night differences may be caused by differing wind directions that transport air masses from different emission sources during the day and the night. Daily and seasonal differences in PM1.0 concentrations of different grades of polluted air were statistically analyzed using average daily concentration data for particles smaller than 10, 2.5 and 1.0 microns (PM10, PM2.5 and PM1.0), and meteorological observations for Urumqi, Tianshan District in 2010.
Highlights
Atmospheric aerosol particles are important air pollutants, and the level of aerosol particles is expressed by the mean concentration of fine particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5, i.e., the particles are smaller than 10 or 2.5 microns, respectively) [1,2]
PM10, which is the main air pollutant during the winter season in Urumqi can be estimated from the air pollution index (API) value
Based onextinction the data were for aerosol concentration and are optical characteristics measured between
Summary
Atmospheric aerosol particles are important air pollutants, and the level of aerosol particles is expressed by the mean concentration of fine particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5 , i.e., the particles are smaller than 10 or 2.5 microns, respectively) [1,2]. The apportionment of the source of airborne particulate matter is important in the field of environmental administration. PM10 has become the primary pollutant [3]. Since the mid-90s, the Chinese government has adopted increasingly stringent standards for abating emissions and for improving the air quality. Res. Public Health 2019, 16, 396; doi:10.3390/ijerph16030396 www.mdpi.com/journal/ijerph
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