Abstract
The study presents the results of the treatment of domestic and industrial wastewater with respect to the reduction of nitrogen and phosphorus compounds. The analysis encompasses the results of physical and chemical tests of effluents from two facilities based on hydroponic technology: wastewater treatment plants with hydroponic lagoons using the BIOPAX technology – Paczkow, Poland and the Organica technology – Szarvas, Hungary. Monthly treatment effectiveness was determined basing on these analyses. The composition of wastewater flowing into the lagoon (after mechanical treatment) and wastewater discharged to the collector in 2009–2011 was subject to physical and chemical analysis in both facilities. The effluent quality was determined basing on the concentration of total phosphorus, total nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen. Mean annual results of the operation of both objects were high. For the wastewater treatment plant in Paczkow, operating in the BIOPAX technology, the effectiveness of treatment with respect to total nitrogen throughout the analysed period ranged from 76.9–84.4%. Total phosphorus was eliminated from wastewater with an effectiveness of 96.4–98.0%. Such high reduction level was caused by the application of additional precipitation process in the chambers of activated sludge reactor. The hydroponic plant in Szarvas (Organica technology) was characterised by a high effectiveness of reduction with respect to ammonium nitrogen: 92.0–93.0%, while the reduction of total phosphorus fell into the range 49.3–55.3%.
Highlights
Hydroponic wastewater treatment is a technology that enjoys unfading interest among scientists and engineers throughout the world
The aim of this study is to present the effects of the treatment obtained for plants using the hydroponic technology with respect to possible seasonal changes
Analyzes of total nitrogen and total phosphorus in wastewater from Paczkow WWTP were made with the use of research methods commonly used in Poland: PN-73/C-04576.14 and PN-EN ISO 6878:2006
Summary
Hydroponic wastewater treatment is a technology that enjoys unfading interest among scientists and engineers throughout the world. Pre-treated wastewater, flowing through the root system of macrophytes, is utilized or at least treated by means of eliminating nitrogen and phosphorus compounds Such solutions are usually applied in locations where full sewerage of the area is impossible (rural areas), in small home wastewater treatment systems or in facilities accepting wastewater from small districts or public utility objects [Rababah, Ashbolt, 2000]. Such systems that do not use soil substrate may be successfully applied for the production of industrial and ornamental plants, which can utilize flowing wastewater as a source of fertilizer components [Monnet, Vaillant et al, 2002], what results in significant savings during the production. It has been proven that hydroponic installations may provide a solution for the difficult issue of utilization of wastewater from fishing
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