Abstract
Proteins and lipids not only provide a source of energy to the cell, but also play vital roles in modifying the physical properties and function of the biological membranes. In the present study, we investigated the biochemical constituents, viz. proteins and lipids, in growing oocytes of goat antral follicles during summer and winter seasons. Goat genitalia in phosphate buffered saline (pH 7.4) were brought to the laboratory within one hour of slaughter under aseptic conditions at 37°C. Oocytes were aspirated from normal small ( 3 mm) follicles and pooled for biochemical estimations. A significant increase in the amount of protein and lipid was observed with the growth of the oocyte. The amount of protein varied non-significantly with the season, while the amount of lipid varied significantly. The amounts of phospholipid, cholesterol, free fatty acid, and triglyceride increased with the growth of the oocyte, but no significant effect of season in these constituents was observed. Lysolecithin, sphingomyelin, and sterols were the polar lipids identified in both oocytes prepared from small follicles (small oocytes) as well as large follicles (large oocytes). In addition, the small oocytes also contained phosphatidyl serine, while large oocytes contained phosphatidyl glycerol phosphate and phosphatidyl inositol. Among non-polar lipids, triglycerides and long chain alcohols appear only in small oocytes and not in large oocytes. Monoglycerides, 1,2-diglycerides, 1,3-diglycerides and o-dialkyl glycerol ethers, fatty acids, fatty acid methyl esters, and wax esters were identified in both small and large oocytes. Information on biochemical composition of growing oocytes is relevant to oocyte and embryo competence, culture and cryopreservation.
Highlights
Proteins and lipids provide a source of energy to the cell, and play vital roles in modifying the physical properties and function of the biological membranes
The changes in of lipids for membrane synthesis, protein synthesis patterns occurring during oocyte energy provision and other roles in post maturation are correlated with the acquisition of fertilization (Coull et al, 1998)
The fluid was placed in a clean pre-warmed glass petridish and small and large oocytes with intact zona pellucida that had been fully divested of all the adherent cells and had uniform cytoplasm were re-selected during winter and summer for biochemical estimations
Summary
The extensive reserves of informational molecules, stage specific proteins during oogenesis in pig, sheep, cattle organelles and lipid droplets support the synthetic, and mouse (Guraya, 2000). The proteins are important for the success cattle, pig and sheep (Homa et al, 1986; McEvoy et al, of post maturation development, in addition to having a role 2000). Source of nutrient to the cell and play a vital role in Despite the significant roles of the proteins and lipid modifying the physical properties and functions of reserve in cell structure and function very few studies have biological membranes and have potential effects on cell-cell provided detailed description of its nature and composition
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