Abstract
AbstractThis study investigated the temperature and fraction of lower‐tropospheric ice cloud over Antarctica and the Southern Ocean (SO) using Cloud‐Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observation satellite data. Over the SO, the maximum low‐level ice‐cloud fraction below 2 km is observed at cold temperatures (<−25°C); however, local maxima of low‐level ice‐cloud fraction are observed at temperatures >−7.5°C (>−17.5°C) during summer (winter). High fractions of low‐level ice cloud observed at higher temperatures over near‐coastal Antarctic sea ice areas in summer, coincident with the highest chlorophyll‐a concentrations, and over coastal Antarctic ice‐covered areas in winter, suggest that marine aerosols act as ice‐nucleating particles for ice‐cloud formation during summer and winter.
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