Seasonal and Interannual of Sea Level Variability in the Indonesian Seas using Satellite Altimetry

Abstract

Sea-level rise is an extreme issue for the world that has been scientifically proven. That is why sea-level variability presents a significant role in ocean and air interactions. This study was directed to get seasonal and interannual variability in the Indonesian Seas. The research area is in the Indonesian Seas with coordinates boundaries: of 20°N - 20°S latitudes and 90°E - 150°E longitudes. The data were obtained from the Radar Altimeter Database System (RADS) for Jason Series altimetry (2008 to 2018). The analysis has been performed by taking the correlation between detrended Sea Level Anomaly (SLA) and El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO). The outcome showed that the seasonal and interannual sea level anomaly in Indonesian seas fluctuates. Seasonal varieties of Sea Level Anomaly in the Timor Sea, Northen Java Sea, and the Halmahera Sea were low. The high seasonal changes occurred in the Flores Sea, the Natuna Sea, and the Karimata Strait. Besides, the interannual variation of SLA fluctuated from 2009 to 2018. The impact of ENSO on the variance of SLA was strong, with a coefficient correlation of -0.66. In the most recent ten years, the SLA in the Indonesian Seas demonstrated a lowering trend.