Abstract
We discuss the usefulness of various lattice observables especially fluctuations to locate the QCD critical endpoint. We apply different models to interpret our results for the baryon fluctuations up to µ8 from simulations at imaginary chemical potentials.
Highlights
When investigating Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) an important but challenging goal is the study of the phase diagram
At zero chemical potential lattice QCD predicts a smooth crossover between hadrons and the quark gluon plasma [1,2,3,4,5], taking place in the temperature range T 145 − 165 MeV
Due to the sign problem lattice QCD is unable to study the region with finite chemical potential
Summary
When investigating Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) an important but challenging goal is the study of the phase diagram. One possible way to extend lattice results to finite density is to perform Taylor expansions of the thermodynamic observables around chemical potential μB = 0 [6,7,8,9,10]: fluctuations of conserved charges are directly related to the Taylor expansion coefficients of such observables. They allow for a comparison between theoretical and experimental results to extract the chemical freeze-out temperature T f and chemical potential μBf as functions of the collision energy [11,12,13,14]. Several diagonal and non-diagonal fluctuations of conserved charges up to sixth-order are available in our recent paper [23]
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