Abstract
This is a qualitative and quantitative empirical study seeking to identify and critically describe bioethical issues in primary health care from the perspective of members of Family Health Strategy (ESF) teams in a city in the mountainous region of the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It also sought to detect the degree of theoretical approximation of professionals regarding the basics of ethics and bioethics, based on principalist theory. A semi-structured questionnaire was adopted as data collection instrument. The responses were categorized into aspects related to (i) ethical/bioethical conflicts in relation to staff and users; (ii) ethical/bioethical conflicts in the process of work and coexistence among team members; and (iii) misconceptions regarding the concepts of basic (bio)ethics and deontology. Although apparently less obvious, such matters concerning the scope of primary health care compromise the work process and the promotion of comprehensive care for users of the SUS.
Highlights
This is a qualitative and quantitative empirical study seeking to identify and critically describe bioethical issues in primary health care from the perspective of members of Family Health Strategy (ESF) teams in a city in the mountainous region of the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
In 2006, with the introduction of the National Policy for Primary Health Care, the aim of primary care was broadened, reaffirming the Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF) as a model of implementation of a new logic for the organization of the Brazilian health care system 6,7. This system has demanded modern practices and work strategies from health professionals. This scenario highlights the role of bioethics, which must exceed the codes of conduct or moral relations of coexistence which underlie and often capture mechanisms of subjection and the exercise of power, proposing respect and for and protection of all beings, human or not, and their natural habitats . 8-10 The relevance of bioethical debate is that it gains resonance in diverse contexts, including work in the health field, making it the central discipline in the education of health professionals 11
The present study aims to describe theethical problems experienced by members of family health teams in their daily primary care practices
Summary
This is a qualitative and quantitative empirical study seeking to identify and critically describe bioethical issues in primary health care from the perspective of members of Family Health Strategy (ESF) teams in a city in the mountainous region of the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Procurou-se também detectar o grau de aproximação teórica dos profissionais em relação a conceitos básicos de ética e bioética, tendo como base a teoria principialista. In 2006, with the introduction of the National Policy for Primary Health Care, the aim of primary care was broadened, reaffirming the ESF as a model of implementation of a new logic for the organization of the Brazilian health care system 6,7 This system has demanded modern practices and work strategies from health professionals. This scenario highlights the role of bioethics, which must exceed the codes of conduct or moral relations of coexistence which underlie and often capture mechanisms of subjection and the exercise of power, proposing respect and for and protection of all beings, human or not, and their natural habitats . Added to this fact is that in today’s society individuals should have various skills in addition to those previously required 12, combining techniques with ethics – which makes relevant the need for expansion and optimization of venues for the discussion of ethics and bioethics in the implementation of current educational contexts
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