Searching a methods topic: practical challenges and implications for search design

Abstract

Performing a systematic search of a methods topic (e.g., "risk of bias”, "subgroup analysis") in biomedical databases such as MEDLINE or Embase can be challenging. In this commentary, we address common search-related challenges, including inconsistent terminology for methods and suboptimal indexing. We suggest that reviewers addressing methods topics, compared to clinical topics, may start with specific, methods-oriented journals; invest extra time to scrutinize index terms and identify alternative terms; try citation search and machine learning assisted screening; and anticipate lower sensitivity and precision.