Abstract
The use of a filler metal to facilitate the gas tungsten arc (GTA) welding of ferrous alloys to titanium alloys has been investigated. Semi-empirical rules have been applied to identify alloying elements that would resolve the important problems of brittle intermetallic formation and weld cracking. Vanadium was found appropriate. The GTA welds between a low carbon steel and Ti–15V–3Cr–3Sn–3Al made with a vanadium filler wire resisted cracking better than comparable autogenous welds. However, the presence of a hard, brittle eutectic microconstituent along the ferrous side of the fusion boundary drastically limited the gain in weldability. As anticipated, analysis of GTA welds produced with vanadium filler wire suggested the presence of a ternary (Fe,Ti,V) single phase. Although cracking was reduced with vanadium, the practical benefit of a vanadium filler wire for GTA welding is small because the weld metals remain very hard and brittle.
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